The Hydrostatic Principles of buoyancy

The Hydrostatic Principles of buoyancy and displacement, specifically how water density affects a ship's Draft (T). According to Archimedes' Principle, a floating vessel must displace a weight of fluid equal to its own weight.

​Density vs. Displacement

​The image compares three scenarios for a ship with a constant weight (9.81 \times 10^6\text{ N}):

​Low Density (Fresh Water): At \rho = 1000\text{ kg/m}^3, the water provides less buoyancy per cubic meter. To maintain equilibrium, the ship must sit deeper, resulting in a Draft of 8.20 m.

​Normal Seawater (Standard): With a standard density of 1025\text{ kg/m}^3, the draft decreases to 8.00 m as the salt content increases the buoyant force.

​High Density (High Salinity): In very salty water (\rho = 1035\text{ kg/m}^3), the ship sits higher in the water with a reduced Draft of 7.85 m.

​The Technical Fo